RTU Kota B.Tech AI 5th Semester Data Mining Concepts and Techniques Question Paper 2025

RTU Artificial Intelligence Data Mining Concepts 2025 Paper Review

Preparing for the Rajasthan Technical University B.Tech Data Mining Concepts and Techniques exam requires a strict understanding of data preprocessing, pattern discovery, and predictive modeling. For Artificial Intelligence and Data Science students, this subject explains how to extract actionable facts from massive, unstructured datasets. You cannot train an accurate machine learning model if you do not understand how to clean missing values, discretize continuous attributes, or identify outliers. For example, a banking system relies on accurate clustering to detect fraudulent credit card transactions among millions of daily purchases. The 2025 paper tests your capability to execute the Apriori algorithm, trace decision tree inductions, and calculate support and confidence metrics. Reviewing this specific branch paper shows you exactly how examiners frame mathematical problems and allocate marks across the theoretical modules. This systematic preparation helps you approach your fifth-semester exam confidently.

Understanding the AI Branch Exam Pattern

The RTU theory examination is a three-hour paper worth 70 marks. The paper features three distinct sections designed to evaluate both theoretical definitions and comprehensive algorithmic tracing.

• Part A: This section contains ten compulsory questions worth two marks each. You must define data discretization, state the difference between classification and clustering, or write the formula for calculating support and confidence under 30 words.
• Part B: You will find seven questions here. You must answer five of them. Each question is worth four marks. Your answers require explaining the steps of the Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) process, comparing hierarchical and partitioning clustering methods, or drawing a basic Bayesian belief network.
• Part C: This section offers five major questions. You need to answer three. Each question carries ten marks. These require you to execute the Apriori or FP-Growth algorithm step-by-step to find frequent itemsets, construct a decision tree from a given training dataset using Information Gain, or explain the architecture of a complete data mining system.

Core Topics Evaluated in the AI Paper

The 2025 question paper covers several critical modules that establish the mathematical rules for data analysis. Focus your study time on these specific areas to maximize your score.

Data Preprocessing and Wrangling

Raw data is often noisy, incomplete, and inconsistent. You must master the data preprocessing pipeline. Understand how to handle missing values using mean substitution or regression. Practice data normalization techniques, specifically min-max scaling and z-score standardization. The paper frequently tests data reduction strategies, such as principal component analysis (PCA), and data discretization methods like binning.

Predictive Modeling and Classification

This module evaluates supervised learning mechanics. You must understand how algorithms learn from labeled data to predict class labels. Practice calculating entropy and Information Gain to construct a decision tree. Study the mathematical probability behind Naive Bayes classifiers. You must also understand the basic architecture of Support Vector Machines (SVM), backpropagation in neural networks, and lazy learners like the k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) algorithm.

Descriptive Modeling and Clustering

Clustering is unsupervised learning used to group unlabeled data based on similarity. You must know how to trace the k-Means partitioning algorithm step by step, recalculating the cluster centroids after every iteration. Study hierarchical clustering, specifically agglomerative (bottom-up) and divisive (top-down) approaches. Expect questions asking you to explain density-based clustering models and techniques for detecting outliers in high-dimensional datasets.

Discovering Patterns and Association Rules

This section is calculation-heavy. You must understand how to find items that frequently appear together in transactional databases, similar to how e-commerce sites suggest items bought together. Master the Apriori algorithm, understanding how the anti-monotone property prunes the search space. Practice the FP-Growth algorithm, drawing the complete FP-Tree structure to mine frequent patterns without candidate generation. You must know how to generate strong association rules using the minimum support and confidence thresholds.

Data Mining Trends and Frontiers

This theoretical module covers advanced applications and ethical considerations. You must understand how data mining techniques apply to specific domains, such as web mining (analyzing clickstreams), spatial mining (analyzing geographic data), and temporal mining. Study the societal impacts of ubiquitous data mining, focusing strictly on user privacy, data security, and ethical boundaries.

Answer Writing Strategy for High Marks

RTU evaluators look for clean mathematical tables, explicitly drawn algorithm trees, and clear data pipelines. Use a blue pen for your general text and mathematical steps, and use a black pen and ruler for drawing decision trees, FP-trees, and KDD process flowcharts.

In Part A, answer directly. If a question asks for the definition of confidence in an association rule $A \Rightarrow B$, state clearly that it is the conditional probability that a transaction containing $A$ also contains $B$, and write the formula explicitly.

In Part B, use clear illustrations. When explaining the KDD process, do not just write a paragraph. Draw a sequential block diagram showing the flow from raw data through cleaning, integration, transformation, mining, and pattern evaluation to final knowledge representation.

In Part C, precision in calculation is critical. When solving a ten-mark Apriori algorithm problem, do not skip the intermediate candidate generation tables. Draw a separate table for every scan (C1, L1, C2, L2, etc.), explicitly cross out the itemsets that fail the minimum support count, and list the final strong association rules clearly. Draw a clean box around your final decision trees and frequent itemsets.

Time Management During the Exam

Allocate 20 minutes to Part A. Spend 40 minutes on Part B. Reserve the remaining 120 minutes for the three long-answer questions in Part C. Drawing multi-level FP-Trees, computing entropy for multiple attributes, and tracing distance calculations for k-Means requires steady focus and significant time to prevent arithmetic mistakes. This plan guarantees you 40 minutes per major question, giving you time to cross-verify your probability divisions and support counts. Use the final 10 minutes to verify your question numbering, ensure all tree nodes are labeled correctly, and check that you have not skipped any intermediate candidate pruning steps.